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Leopard 1

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Leopard1 (Stock)

AnnoLeopard1.png
Totals
6100000 Preis
1850 SPRobustheit
40 / 42 Gewicht
Crew
  1. Kommandant
  2. Funker
  3. Richtschütze
  4. Fahrer
  5. Ladeschütze
Armor
70/35/25Wannenpanzerung(Front/Seiten/Heck mm)
52/60/60Turmpanzerung(Front/Seiten/Heck mm)
Maneuver
830 PSMotorleistung
65 km/hHöchstgeschwindigkeit vorwärts/rückwärts
54 °/sDrehen/Wenden
Firepower
350 damage
268 mmMittlere Durchschlagskraft
7 Dauer für vollständiges Nachladen
36 °/sGeschützrichtgeschwindigkeit
Communication
265 mSichtweite
500 mFunkreichweite
X
Leopard 1
6100000
Hauptkampfpanzer der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Die Entwicklung wurde 1956 aufgenommen. Der erste Prototyp wurde 1965 von Krauss-Maffei gebaut. Der Leopard 1 wurde in den Armeen von mehr als 10 Ländern eingesetzt.

Turmgun

Turm

Stufe Turm Turmpanzerung (Front/Seiten/Heck mm) Geschützrichtgeschwindigkeit (°/s) Sichtweite (m) Erfahrung Gewicht (t)
X Leopard 1 52/60/60 36 265 0 7718
Stufe Geschütz Mittlere Durchschlagskraft (mm) Feuergeschwindigkeit Streuung auf 100 m Zielerfassung Erfahrung Gewicht (t)
X 10,5 cm Bordkanone L7A3 268/330/53 350/350/400 8.57 0.3 2 0 1282
Motor

Motor

Stufe Motor Motorleistung (PS) Brandwahrscheinlichkeit bei Treffer Erfahrung Gewicht (t)
X MTU MB 838 CaM 500A 830 10 0 1700

Stufe Fahrwerk Maximalgewicht Drehen/Wenden (°/s) Erfahrung Gewicht (t)
X Leopard 1 42 54 0 10000
Funkgerät

Funkgerät

Stufe Funkgerät Funkreichweite (m) Erfahrung Gewicht (t)
X SEM25_1 500 0 50


Compatible Equipment

Vertikaler Stabilisator Stufe 1
Mittlerer Splitterschutz
Tarnnetz
Treibstofftank-Kohlenstoffdioxid-Füllung
Entspiegelte Optik
Verbesserter Waffenrichtantrieb
Verbesserte Drehstabfederung 3-t-Klasse
Verbesserte Lüftung Klasse 2
Ansetzer für Panzergeschütze mittleren Kalibers
Scherenfernrohr
Werkzeugkiste
„Nasses“ Munitionslager Klasse 1

Compatible Consumables


Player Opinion

Pros and Cons

Pros:


  • Fantastic speed, maneuverability, ground resistance, and power to weight ratio. Easily one of the nimblest tanks in the game.
  • One of the most accurate guns in the game, second only to E50M.
  • Very good camo values for its tier.
  • Excellent view range, only 5 meters less than M48A1 Patton.
  • Fantastic gun depression allows the flexibility to work hills and ridges.


Cons:


  • Paper thin armor can be easily penetrated by high-explosive (HE) ammunition from most enemy tanks, even sometimes to the front.
  • Very weak modules; ammo rack and turret ring are easily damaged.
  • Driver and gunner are similarly vulnerable.
  • Dispersion on the move, during traverse, and turret traverse is mediocre, making firing on the move less viable.


Performance

The characteristics of the Leopard 1 and the smaller map nature of Blitz make this a truly challenging tank to achieve success with. Its excellent gun, camo rating, high penetration and good DPM ideally suit this tank for a longer range sniping role, especially early in a match. Add in the maneuverability to reach locations on the battlefield that others simply cannot and the Leopard 1 can be very successful in the long range role. Players should find elevated positions behind bushes where possible or at least only show the turret to pose a small target for enemies to shoot at if/when camo does fail. Remember that the turret is still weak and can be easily penetrated.

In a tight situation, the Leopard 1 can play a second role, to lead a flanking attack once enemy positions and tactics are revealed. The tremendous speed allows surprise attacks to be exceedingly effective, though one must always have an escape route when planning flanking attacks. Gaining the attention of half the enemy team when a Leopard 1 shows up at their side/rear is a guaranteed trip back to the garage. Flanking and distraction are beneficial tactics, but must be used with caution and a lane for escape. This tank has effectively no armor, so any situation where multiple enemies are targeting it should be avoided at all costs.

The Leopard's final strength is that of a scout, given its excellent view range. However, players coming to Blitz from PC must remember that the smaller map nature makes scouting less viable and brings the vulnerable Leopard 1 closer to the enemy. If performing a scouting role, one needs to only be roughly 50 meters ahead of friendly tanks to provide effective benefit of the view range. If scouting out further ahead than that, a Leopard 1 is more likely to get spotted and have multiple rounds incoming, despite the good camo rating. Act as if the tank has already been spotted, as Sixth Sense only activates a full 3 seconds after a player has been spotted.

Equipment and Consumable choices for a Leopard 1 offer more variation than most tanks. In addition to a Gun Rammer, some may choose to put both Camo Net and Optics/Binocs on this tank to fulfill more of the sniping roll. If flanking is more of your playstyle, consider Vertical Stabilizers, Optics, and/or Vents. If scouting is the decision, one should consider Binocs and Camo Net. Still, others find Spall Liner to be a decent equipment choice given the frequency with which the Leopard 1 is targeted via HE rounds. From a Consumable standpoint, the fragility of modules makes running both a repair kit and a multi restore kit together a good idea as opposed to just a single repair option.

Overall the Leopard 1 is difficult to play but is a very capable tier X tank in the hands of a skilled player. It can fulfill the roles of sniper, flanker and/or scout, making it versatile. Its thin armor, however, make it an extremely vulnerable; the Leopard 1 is not an ideal choice for beginning tankers. Learn to avoid enemy fire and the Leopard 1 will perform excellently.


Historical Info

The Leopard is a main battle tank designed and produced in West Germany that first entered service in 1965. Developed in an era when HEAT warheads were thought to make conventional heavy armour of limited value, the Leopard focused on firepower in the form of the German-built version of the British L7 105-mm gun, and improved cross-country performance that was unmatched by other designs of the era.

The design started as a collaborative project between Germany and France in the 1950s, but the partnership ended and the final design was ordered by the Bundeswehr, production starting in 1965. In total 6,485 Leopard tanks have been built, of which 4,744 were battle tanks and 1741 were utility and anti-aircraft variants, not including eighty prototypes and pre-series vehicles. The Leopard quickly became a standard of European forces, and eventually served as the main battle tank in over a dozen countries worldwide. Since 1990, the Leopard 1 has gradually been relegated to secondary roles in most armies. In the German Army, the Leopard 1 MBTs have been phased out in 2003 while Leopard 1 derived vehicles are still widely used. The Leopard 2 MBTs have taken over the MBT role. Leopard hulls have been re-used in a wide variety of roles.

Development history

The Leopard project started in November 1956 in order to develop a modern tank, the Standard-Panzer, to replace the Bundeswehr's American-built M47 and M48 Patton tanks, which, though just delivered to West Germany's recently reconstituted army, were rapidly growing outdated. On 25 July 1957 the detailed specifications were released; the new design needed to weigh no more than thirty metric tons, have a power-to-weight ratio of thirty horsepower per ton, be able to withstand hits by 20 mm rapid-fire guns on every side as well as operate in a battlefield contaminated with chemical weapons or radioactive fallout, the then-standard baseline for combat with the Warsaw Pact. In addition the main armament had to consist of a 105 mm caliber weapon (the new British L7A3 105 mm gun was selected), carrying at least as many rounds as current US tank designs. Mobility was the priority while firepower came second; armour was seen as less essential, as it was believed no real protection against hollow charge weapons was possible anyway.

France was very interested in the design as its own AMX 50 project had just failed. In June 1957, West Germany and the French Fourth Republic signed an agreement to develop a common tank, designated in German Europa-Panzer. Three German (Arbeitsgruppe A, B and C) and one French design team would be included in a competition, with each team producing two prototypes each. In September, 1958 Italy joined the development program. Several prototypes were entered for testing in 1960. Among the prototypes were Porsche's Model 734 from team A, sporting a cast turret and that of team B (Rheinmetall) whose cast turret was somewhat higher. Team C from Borgward, designing a very futuristic tank, failed to have a prototype ready in time..

Even before these first prototypes were finished, it had (in 1959) been decided that a second phase with improved designs would be started: Team A had to build 26 phase II Prototypes for testing, team B six. Only two tanks of the required six would actually be constructed by team B. The Porsche Prototype II was eventually selected as the winner of the contest in 1963; this did not come as a surprise: it had already been decided in 1961 to build a preseries of fifty vehicles based on this design; production of these was started that very year. This "0-series" was modified with a new cast turret and several hull changes to raise the rear deck to provide more room in the engine compartment, and move some of the radiators to the upper sides of the hull. Before mass production of the standard version started it was also decided to add an optical range-finding system for better long-range gunnery, which required the turret to be somewhat taller, and added "bumps" on either side of the turret to mount the optics for triangulation. In 1963 France and Germany had decided to each build their own tank; Germany continued with the Leopard, while France built the similar AMX-30. Production was set up at Krauss-Maffei of Munich from early 1964 onward, with deliveries of the first batch between September, 1965 and July, 1966. The Leopard was soon being purchased from Germany by a number of NATO members and other allies including in chronological order Belgium (1968), the Netherlands (1969), Norway (1970), Italy (1971), Denmark (1976), Australia (1976), Canada (1978), Turkey (1980) and Greece (1981). Germany has a strict export policy for military equipment; Greece, Spain and Chile, while still dictatorships, purchased the French AMX-30.

Leopard 1A1

After the first batch was delivered the next three batches were the Leopard 1A1 model, which included a new gun stabilization system from Cadillac-Gage, allowing the tank to fire effectively on the move. The 1A1 also added the now-famous "skirts" along the sides to protect the upper tracks, and a new thermal jacket on the gun barrel to control heating. A less important change was to use rectangular rubber blocks fastened to the treads with a single pin instead of the earlier two-pin "shaped" versions. The rubber blocks could be easily replaced with metal X-shaped crampons for movement on ice and snow in the winter. Between 1974 and 1977 all of the machines in the first four batches were brought to the same Leopard 1A1A1 standard, and given additional turret armor developed by Blohm & Voss. A further upgrade in the 1980s added leftover image-intensifier night sights which were being handed down from the Leopard 2 as they were themselves upgraded. The PZB 200 image intensification system was mounted in a large box on the upper right of the gun, creating the Leopard 1A1A2. A further upgrade with SEM80/90 all-digital radios created the Leopard 1A1A3.

Leopard 1A2

The first 232 tanks of the fifth production batch was delivered as the Leopard 1A2 between 1972 and 1974. The A2 included a heavier and better armored turret, and therefore did not receive the B&V armor add-ons as did the earlier machines. They did receive the other upgrades however; the Leopard 1A2A1 received the PZB 200, the Leopard 1A2A2 received digital radios, and the Leopard 1A2A3 got both.


Leopard 1A3

The next 110 vehicles in the fifth batch were fitted with a new welded turret, which was equipped with a new armour consisting of two spaced steel plates with a plastic filling between them, and a wedge-shaped gun mantlet, creating the Leopard 1A3. Although the level of armor area density was equivalent to the A2's new welded version, the internal volume was increased by 1.2 m³ and the effective protection level was increased by half. The improved TRP 2A independent sight was installed for the commander. Upgrades were identical to the 1A2 models, the Leopard 1A3A1 with the night sights, Leopard 1A3A2 with the new radios, and the Leopard 1A3A3 with both.

Leopard 1A4

The Leopard 1A4 formed the sixth batch of 250 vehicles, delivery starting in 1974. The 1A4 was externally similar to the 1A3, but included a new computerized fire control system and the new EMES 12A1 sighting system to aim it. In addition the commander was provided with his own independent night sighting system, the PERI R12. The new equipment used up space and the ammunition load was reduced to 55 rounds, of which 42 were stored in the magazine to the left of the driver.

Leopard 1A5

In 1980 a research program was undertaken to study further improvements to the Leopard 1, providing it with a completely modern fire control system and fully effective night/bad-weather vision system. This was going to require even more room than the larger turret from the 1A3/1A4 models, so the decision was made to base the upgrades on the earlier models which were no longer competitive. The resulting Leopard 1A5 was based on 1225 vehicles of the Leopard 1A1A1 model. The turrets were again modified for the 1A5, with a larger section at the back, both in order to store all of the new equipment, as well as to move more of the ammunition into the rear turret, as opposed to the left side of the driver where it had traditionally been stored. The storage locker extended the turret almost to the rear of the tank when the gun was facing forward. The new turret was also able to mount the newer 120 mm gun from the Leopard 2 if desired, although this option has not been used. After trials the Krupp-Atlas Elektronik EMES 18 fire control system was selected in December 1983, developed from the EMES 15 used on the Leopard 2. The EMES 18 included two new sights on to the top of the turret, and no longer required the "bumps" as did the earlier optical systems. A crucial part of the upgrade was the introduction of more effective ammunition, including new APFSDS rounds. The Leopard tank could also be fitted with bolt-on lexan armour panels, which have increased the effectiveness of the armour. These "modified" tanks have proved themselves in the field. The first modified vehicle was delivered in early 1987. Since then almost all users of the Leopard 1 have also applied similar changes to their own vehicles, and in most ways the 1A5 can be considered the "standard" Leopard 1 today.

Leopard 1A6

A single 1A1A1 was also modified with additional armor on the turret and had the 120 mm gun as the Leopard 1A6. The project was ended in 1987, as the Leopard 2 was in widespread service at this point and the 1A5 offered a reasonable upgrade path for a fraction of the cost.


Historical Gallery


Medium Tanks