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| This experimental medium tank was developed from the end of 1942 through the Summer of 1944. The T23T80 was neither adopted for serial production nor took part in combat. | | | This experimental medium tank was developed from the end of 1942 through the Summer of 1944. The T23T80 was neither adopted for serial production nor took part in combat. |
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? | Much like other armies at the time, the U.S. Army envisioned two main roles for tanks: infantry support and breakthrough exploitation. From 1942 until the end of World War II, both roles were covered in the main by the M4 Sherman, which was better suited for the latter, "cavalry" role. The infantry would have preferred a better protected and better armed vehicle, even at a price of less mobility. In late 1942, U.S. Army Ordnance started to work on an "infantry-oriented" design which was supposed to be more versatile than the British infantry tanks. During the next two years, various prototypes were built under the designations T20, T22, T23, T25 and T26. Starting with the T20, the Ordnance Department initially developed three series of improved medium tank prototypes, the T20, T22, and T23. The main differences between the T20, T22 and T23 lay in the choice of transmission. [2]. The T20 used a torque converter fluid drive, the T22 a 5-speed mechanical drive similar to the M4 drive, and the T23 used an electric drive. Additionaly, the T20 had an early version of the HVSS suspension later employed on the M4 Sherman, whereas the T20E3 had torsion barsuspension. All moved the transmission to the rear of the vehicle eliminating the need for a driveshaft running the length of the vehicle. The driveshaft used in the M3 & M4 vehicles forced the turret to be mounted higher increasing the vehicle height. | | + | First T23 prototypes were completed in January 1943, and these vehicle were the first to be completed in the T20 series. They differed from the other T20 series in using the electric drive transmission manufactured by General Electric. They were also fitted with the vertical volute spring suspension similar to that used on the Medium M4 Tank. The armament consisted of the 76mm Ml gun. As with the T20 and T22 series, projects were initiated for development of vehicles armed with the 75mm automatic and 3in guns. Designated T23EI and T23E2 respectively, these projects were cancelled without development. After tests of the pilot vehicle T23, production was authorised for 250 of these vehicles. The production model differed in several ways from the pilot vehicle: 76mm Ml gun was replaced with model M1A1, a vision cupola was provided for the commander, and the gun ring hatch mounting the .50 calibre AA machine-gun was moved to the loader's position. Production commenced in November 1943 and continued through to December 1944, but none were shipped overseas. Though this vehicle did not see active service, features tried and developed in the T20-T23 series were incorporated into M4 vehicles, in particular the T23 type turret and 76mm gun, HVSS and the simplified 47° hull front. Research work on these vehicles also played a big part in the development of the T25 and T26 Medium Tanks. |
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| [[image:T-22E1 prototype vehicle..jpg|thumb|280px|right|T-22E1 prototype vehicle]] | | | [[image:T-22E1 prototype vehicle..jpg|thumb|280px|right|T-22E1 prototype vehicle]] |
? | However, the initial success of the M4 led the Army Ground Forces command to believe that there was no urgent need for a new tank. Even with the appearance of the heavy Tiger and medium Panther tanks, the AGF did not alter its position, believing both tanks would be fielded in relatively small numbers. AGF was correct about the Tiger, a specialized heavy tank that was never encountered in large numbers. The Panther, first encountered in small numbers at Anzio, however, was built in very large numbers and formed half the German tank strength in Normandy. Also, according to the Army doctrine of the time, tanks were not supposed to engage other tanks; this was the remit of tank destroyers, more mobile armored vehicles with powerful guns, such as the M10 Wolverine. As a result, the development of the new tank was slow. When the Allies invaded western Europe during Operation Overlord in June 1944, the M4 still formed the bulk of American tank units. It quickly became clear that the tank destroyer doctrine failed in the field and that the upgunned Sherman was unable to engage the Panther on equal terms. Efforts were made to speed up development but the tank, by now called the T26 and dubbed Pershing, reached the battlefield only in February 1945 and saw very little action in WWII. | | |
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Revision as of 13:33, 21 February 2011
T23
T23
USA |
Medium Tank |
Tier VIII
|
| |
Totals |
| |
Cost |
2,103,000 credits  |
| |
Health |
1,310 |
| |
Weight/Load Limit |
35.21/36.14t |
| |
Crew |
---|
5 |
| |
Mobility |
| |
Engine Power |
560hp |
| |
Speed Limit |
56km/h |
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Traverse Speed |
37deg/s |
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Armor |
| |
Hull Armor |
76/50/38mm |
| |
Turret Armor | 89/63/63mm |
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Armament |
| |
Damage |
86-144HP |
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Penetration |
96-160mm |
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Rate of Fire |
16.22r/m |
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Accuracy |
0.38m |
| |
Aim time |
2s |
| |
Turret Traverse |
43deg/s
|
---|
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Gun Traverse Arc |
gunTraverseArc |
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Gun Vertical Limits |
gunVerticalLimits |
| |
Ammo Capacity |
ammo |
| |
General |
| |
Chance of Fire |
25% |
| |
View Range |
430m |
| |
Signal Range |
450m |
| |
Parent |
parent |
| |
Child |
child |
| |
Values Are Stock // Top
The T23 is the tier 8 American medium tank. Fast and maneuverable, this tank handles similarly to the T20, but can reach higher top speeds and turn more quickly. Like all American medium tanks, its main weakness is its lack of armor. In addition, the 90mm gun begins to lose its punch against the heavier opponents the T23 faces, when compared to the T20, giving it sub-par firepower for its tier. However, the 90mm still has good penetration, rate-of-fire, and accuracy, so the T23's increased mobility can still put it to good use. Mobility is the T23's best strength, and operates wonderfully in a medium tank wolf-pack. Research leads to the M26 Pershing.
Sources and External Links